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ФОНД ОЦЕНОЧНЫХ СРЕДСТВ
В формате ЕГЭ среднего общего образования
По учебному предмету : Английский язык
2015 год
Рассмотрено цикловой
методической комиссией
протокол № 1 от «27» августа 2014г.
Председатель Афанасьева М.И.
__________________
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Составитель ________________________ / Кятова Ж.А
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ЕГЭ
ПО АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Инструкция по выполнению работы
Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырёх разделов, включающих в себя 46 заданий.
Раздел 1 («Аудирование») содержит 15 заданий, из которых первое – на установление соответствия и 14 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из трёх предложенных. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий раздела 1 составляет 30 минут.
Раздел 2 («Чтение») содержит 9 заданий, из которых 2 задания – на установление соответствия и 7 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из четырёх предложенных. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий раздела 2 составляет 30 минут.
Раздел 3 («Грамматика и лексика») содержит 20 заданий, из которых 13 заданий с кратким ответом и 7 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из четырёх предложенных. При выполнении заданий с кратким ответом Вы должны самостоятельно записать ответ в соответствующем месте работы. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий раздела 3 составляет 40 минут. По окончании выполнения заданий каждого из этих разделов не забывайте переносить свои ответы в бланк ответов № 1.
Раздел 4 («Письмо») состоит из 2 заданий и представляет собой небольшую письменную работу (написание личного письма и письменного высказывания с элементами рассуждения). Рекомендуемое время на выполнение заданий этого раздела работы – 80 минут. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями, или можно использовать отдельный черновик. Любые черновые пометки (черновик) не проверяются и не оцениваются. Оценке подлежит только вариант ответа, занесённый в бланк ответов № 2.
Все бланки ЕГЭ заполняются яркими чёрными чернилами. Допускается использование гелевой, капиллярной или перьевой ручек. Общее время проведения экзамена – 180 минут.
Рекомендуется выполнять задания в том порядке, в котором они даны.
Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее
количество баллов.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ
по подготовке учащихся к ЕГЭ по английскому языку
2014 учебный год
Изменения в структуре и содержании проекта КИМ ЕГЭ 2014 г. по иностранным языкам по сравнению с 2013 г. отсутствуют.
Результаты ЕГЭ по английскому языку в 2013 году свидетельствуют о хорошей подготовке экзаменуемых: средний тестовый балл повысился на 10 баллов. Это позволяет сделать вывод о том, что подготовка учащихся к экзамену осуществляется на хорошем организационном и методическом уровнях. Вместе с тем, анализ результатов по отдельным разделам показывает, что экзаменуемые испытывают определённые трудности при выполнении заданий.
1) Основные трудности экзаменуемых при выполнении заданий по разделам.
Аудирование
Наибольшие трудности экзаменуемые испытывали при выполнении заданий части 2 данного раздела (А1-А7) - понимание в прослушанном тексте запрашиваемой информации. Для прослушивания был представлен диалог на бытовую тему, и от экзаменуемых требовалось определить, соответствуют ли его содержанию предложенные утверждения. Средний показатель выполнения этих заданий в 2013 году ниже, чем в 2012г. на12%. Типичными здесь являются ошибки связанные с тем, что экзаменуемые дают ответ, основанный на одном услышанном слове, пропуская детали, которые приводят к путанице с опцией Not stated.
Чтение
В этом разделе наибольшие трудности экзаменуемые испытывали при выполнении заданий 3-ей части (А15 – А21), направленные на выявление умений извлекать детальную информацию из прочитанного текста. Отвечая н вопросы по тексту, экзаменуемые опираются не на понимание информации из текста, а на собственные представления или собственный опыт. Другая типичная ошибка при выполнении заданий этой части раздела связана с поиском ответа на вопрос в одном абзаце, в то время как для правильного ответа требуется информация из двух абзацев.
Письмо
Письмо личного характера
При выполнении этого задания основные ошибки были допущены при решении коммуникативной задачи. Причиной затруднений является невнимательное прочтение условия задания. В 2013 году экзаменуемым было предложено следующее задание.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend John who writes:
…Last week my mom went to New York to help my aunt with her new baby.
My dad and I had to do all the housework ourselves. What kind of family
chores do you normally have, if at all? What would you cook for yourself, if
you had to? Do you think boys should be able to cook and to keep house, and
why?
Next weekend I’m going hiking with my classmates…
Write a letter to John.
In your letter
answer his questions
ask 3 questions about his hiking plans
Write 100–140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
От экзаменуемых требуется дать точные ответы на вопросы автора письма. Чаще всего при ответе на второй вопрос вместо конструкции If I had to I would давался ответ с глаголом can, что меняет смысл фразы и не обеспечивает точный ответ.
В ответе на третий вопрос необходимо сообщить своё мнение, однако чаще всего в ответах сообщалось о том, что умеют или не умеют делать по дому папа или брат.
Также по условию задания экзаменуемый должен задать три вопроса по указанной теме. Типичными ошибками в этой части задания остаются постановка вопросов без учёта особенностей требуемой информации. Наиболее частыми были вопросы о походах вообще, а не о планах на предстоящий поход.
Письменное высказывание с элементами рассуждения «Ваше мнение»
При выполнении этой части раздела «Письмо» экзаменуемые по-прежнему испытывают затруднения в определении и постановке проблемы высказывания. Типичными ошибками с точки зрения языковых средств является несоответствие используемых языковых средств высокому уровню сложности задания (однообразие лексики и грамматических структур).
Методические рекомендации по подготовке учащихся.
Методическую помощь учителю и учащимся при подготовке к ЕГЭ могут оказать материалы с сайта ФИПИ (www.fipi.ru):
документы, определяющие структуру и содержание КИМ ЕГЭ 2014г. (кодификатор элементов содержания, спецификация и демонстрационный вариант КИМ);
открытый сегмент Федерального банка тестовых заданий;
аналитические отчеты о результатах экзамена и методические письма прошлых лет.
Рекомендации по подготовке к выполнению заданий разделов экзамена.
«Аудирование» и «Чтение»
Процесс подготовки к выполнению заданий этих разделов следует разделить на три этапа; подготовительный (дотекстовый), выполнение заданий по тексту, послетекстовый. Важно создать систему заданий к каждому из этапов. На подготовительном этапе необходимо сосредоточить внимание учащихся на теме текста и условии задания к нему. Эти задания должны быть направлены на формирование прогностических умений работы с текстом. На заключительном (послетекстовом) этапе следует уделять внимание заданиям, направленным на формирование рефлексивных умений учащихся – помочь учащимся овладеть стратегиями анализа процесса и результата работы с текстом, выполнения заданий к тексту.
«Письмо»
При подготовке к выполнению заданий этого раздела экзаменационной работы следует практиковать учащихся в умении определить тему и суть заданной проблемы высказывания. Следует научить учащихся отбирать материал, необходимый для полного и точного выполнения задания в соответствии с поставленными коммуникативными задачами, а после написания работы проверять ее как с точки зрения содержания, так и с точки зрения формы.
Особое внимание следует уделить формированию умений самооценки и взаимооценки в ходе практики в создании письменных высказываний. Это включает знакомство с критериями оценивания письменных текстов, практику в их использовании. На занятиях следует применять задания, предполагающие самооценку и взаимооценку созданных учащимися письменных текстов.
РАЗДЕЛ 1
«АУДИРОВАНИЕ»
Характеристика заданий раздела «Аудирование»
| Задание | Кол-во вопросов | Проверяемые
умения | Тип
текста | Тип
задания | Тематика |
| B1
Базовый
Уровень | 6 | Умение определять
основную мысль | Краткие высказывания
информационно
-прагматического характера | Задание
на
установление
соответствия | Путешествия Изучение языков Спорт; Театр Школьная жизнь Профессии Города и страны Проблемы подростков |
| A1-A6
Повышенный уровень | 7 | Умение
извлекать
необходимую
информацию | Беседа
или
высказывание
в стандартных
ситуациях повседневного
общения | Задание
с
выбором ответа (True/False/Not stated) | Работа
и отдых Взаимоотношения
в семье Учеба
в колледже
и университете Досуг
и спорт Путешествия Благотворительные
организации Забота об окружающей среде |
| A7-A13
Высокий уровень | 6 | Умение делать выводы | Интервью;
Развернутое тематическое высказывание; репортаж | Задание с множественным выбором ответа | Искусство Профессии Изучение языков Жизнь и интересы подростков в разных странах Своеобразие культуры разных стран Проблемы образования в разных странах мира |
Посмотри значение всех незнакомых, особенно ключевых слов в словаре. Выпиши их в тетрадь и регулярно повторяй для запоминания – это будет пассивный вокабуляр. Такие задания помогут не только в аудировании, но и при выполнении заданий по чтению. Они обогатят и расширят твою лексику.
Слушай внимательно! Ведь часто используется такой хитрый прием, когда сначала говорят именно то, что написано в тексте, а на самом деле в другом контексте и с другим значением;
После первого прослушивания обозначь ответы, в которых ты уверен. Во время второго прослушивания удели больше внимания тем заданиям, которые ты не понял в первый раз;
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите разговор между друзьями. Определите, какие из приведенных утвержденийA1-A7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated).
Прослушайте запись дважды. Занесите ваши ответы (поставив галочку (v) в нужный квадрат).
A1 Charlie is going to arrive at Gatwick airport at 7.30.
l) true 
2) false 3) not stated
A2 Charlie is looking forward to going sightseeing in Tunisia.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A3 Charlie's wife usually buys a lot of new clothes when she is on holiday.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A4 Annie is a member of a trekking club.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A5 Annie is going to visit different countries.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A6 Annie finds camping enjoyable.
I) true 2) false 3) not stated
A7 Annie is coming back home earlier than the other members of the group.
1) true 2) false 3) not stated
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите рассказ мужчины о его первых годах пребывания в Англии. Выполните задания A8-A14 вставив цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному варианту ответа. Прослушайте запись дважды.
A8 The Polish lady knew a lot about the property market because she
1) was going to move house soon.
2) worked as an estate agent.
3) got information from her future husband.
A9 Bill and his wife were happy to
1) be able to make use of Mr Black's contacts.
2) have their landlady's support and advice.
3) have a variety of houses to choose from.
A10 The house the couple was going to buy
1) proved to be profitable for them.
2) needed little repair work.
3) belonged to a local building society.
A11 The couple couldn't move into the house right away because
1) it was hard to get money to move house.
2) Bill was too busy working for the BBC day and night.
3) the house was not suitable for living in yet.
A12 When the couple had finally moved into the house, they
1) couldn't get over the nervous stress.
2) had to carry on improving it.
3) invited their friends to come round.
A13 Bill cycled to work because
1) the bus fare was unreasonably high.
2) the buses were unreliable.
3) cycling was environmentally friendly.
A14 Bill doesn't feel like an Englishman because
1) he prefers to lead the lifestyle he is used to.
2) his heavy accent makes it difficult to understand him.
3) he has strained relationships with his English neighbours.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите разговор между подругами. Определите, какие из приведенных утвержденийA1-A7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Прослушайте запись дважды. Занесите ваши ответы (поставив галочку (v) в нужный квадрат).
A1 Every year Betsy spends the New Year abroad.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A2 Betsy thinks that the trip was not worth the money.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A3 There is an active volcano on the island.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A4 Betsy led an active life on the island.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A5 The zoo had more than a hundred species of wild birds.
l) true 2) false 3) not stated
A6 There are no snow-capped mountains on the island.
I) true 2) false 3) not stated
A7 Foreigners are not allowed to own property on the island.
1) true 2) false 3) not stated
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите интервью с актерами. Выполните задания A8-A14 вставив цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному варианту ответа. Прослушайте запись дважды.
A8 Robert and Amy fell in love with each other
1) after eating out together.
2) after a few months of working together.
3) when they first met on the film set.
A9 When Robert decided to propose to Amy, he
1) was sure that Amy would accept his proposal.
2) wanted to do it in a proper way.
3) knew the exact place in Madrid to do it.
A10 The wedding ceremony in the film reminded Robert and Amy of their own wedding because
1) both weddings took place in the same settings.
2) there was an explosion during both weddings.
3) there were some of the same people at both weddings.
A11 According to Amy, she is different from Robert because she
1) is less open to new ideas than her husband.
2) comes from a smaller family than Robert.
3) has different views on family life.
A12 Amy felt uncomfortable at school because
1) she missed her mother very much.
2) her mother taught at the same school.
3) the teachers and the headmistress disliked her.
A13 If Amy hadn’t become an actress, her parents would have
1) understood and supported her.
2) been displeased with her.
3) insisted she join the family business.
A14 Amy is sure that if you have a child, you
1) can do without having a friend.
2) should think more about the future.
3) can cope with any problem.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1-6 и утверждениями, данными в списке А - G. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
The speaker advises those who want to be news reporters to
A. write about ordinary events in an interesting way.
B. wait patiently for their chance to get a job.
C. have as many qualifications as possible.
D. get practice in interviewing people.
E. try their best to achieve their goal.
F. establish contacts with people in the news-reporting business.
G. be ready to travel on business at a moment's notice.
Начало формы
| Говорящий | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Утверждение | 
|
|
|
|
|
|
Задания A1-A7
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите разговор между друзьями. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 - А7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 - Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A1 Charlie is going to arrive at Gatwick airport at 7.30.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A2 Charlie is looking forward to going sightseeing in Tunisia.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A3 Charlie's wife usually buys a lot of new clothes when she is on holiday.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A4 Annie is a member of a trekking club.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A5 Annie is going to visit different countries.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A6 Annie finds camping enjoyable.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
A7 Annie is coming back home earlier than the other members of the group.
1) True 2) False 3) Not stated
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Задания А8-А14
Вы услышите рассказ мужчины о его первых годах пребывания в Англии. Выполните задания А8 - А14, обводя цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
А8 The Polish lady knew a lot about the property market because she
1) was going to move house soon.
2) worked as an estate agent.
3) got information from her future husband.
A9 Bill and his wife were happy to
1) be able to make use of Mr Black's contacts.
2) have their landlady's support and advice.
3) have a variety of houses to choose from.
A10 The house the couple was going to buy
1) proved to be profitable for them.
2) needed little repair work.
3) belonged to a local building society.
A11 The couple couldn't move into the house right away because
1) it was hard to get money to move house.
2) Bill was too busy working for the BBC day and night.
3) the house was not suitable for living in yet.
A12 When the couple had finally moved into the house, they
1) couldn't get over the nervous stress.
2) had to carry on improving it.
3) invited their friends to come round.
A13 Bill cycled to work because
1) the bus fare was unreasonably high.
2) the buses were unreliable.
3) cycling was environmentally friendly.
A14 Bill doesn't feel like an Englishman because
1) he prefers to lead the lifestyle he is used to.
2) his heavy accent makes it difficult to understand him.
3) he has strained relationships with his English neighbours.
Конец формы
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1-6 и утверждениями, данными в списке А - G. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
A. The speaker has some time to herself/himself at work.
B. The speaker hasn't given up the job because she/he likes dealing with customers.
C. There is a growing need for the speaker's services.
D. Although the job is boring the speaker does it because it is well-paid.
E. The speaker enjoys her/his job although she/he doesn't make good money.
F. establish contacts with people in the news-reporting business.
G.The speaker likes the environment and the fact that she/he doesn't have to work too quickly.Начало формы
| Говорящий | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Утвержден ие |
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Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите разговор между подругами. Определите, какие из приведенных утверждений А1 — А7 соответствуют содержанию текста (1 — True), какие не соответствуют (2 — False) и о чем в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
A1 Every year Betsy spends the New Year abroad.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A2 Betsy thinks that the trip was not worth the money.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A3 There is an active volcano on the island.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A4 Betsy led an active life on the island.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A5 The zoo had more than a hundred species of wild birds.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A6 There are no snow-capped mountains on the island.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
A7 Foreigners are not allowed to own property on the island.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите интервью с актерами. Выполните задания A8 — А14, обводя цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
А8 Robert and Amy fell in love with each other
1) after eating out together.
2) after a few months of working together.
3) when they first met on the film set.
A9 When Robert decided to propose to Amy, he
1) was sure that Amy would accept his proposal.
2) wanted to do it in a proper way.
3) knew the exact place in Madrid to do it.
A10 The wedding ceremony in the film reminded Robert and Amy of their own wedding because
1) both weddings took place in the same settings.
2) there was an explosion during both weddings.
3) there were some of the same people at both weddings.
A11 According to Amy, she is different from Robert because she
1) is less open to new ideas than her husband.
2) comes from a smaller family than Robert.
3) has different views on family life.
A12 Amy felt uncomfortable at school because
1) she missed her mother very much.
2) her mother taught at the same school.
3) the teachers and the headmistress disliked her.
A13 If Amy hadn't become an actress, her parents would have
1) understood and supported her.
2) been displeased with her.
3) insisted she join the family business.
A14 Amy is sure that if you have a child, you
1) can do without having a friend.
2) should think more about the future.
3) can cope with any problem.Конец формы
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите интервью со Сьюзан. Выполните задания А8 — А14, обводя цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
А8 What changes in Susan's opinion are taking place in town life?
1) More and more people prefer to meet out in pubs and clubs.
2) People's homes are becoming a more popular place to meet.
3) People prefer staying at home alone to eating out.
A9 How does Susan feel about shops and shopping?
1) She thinks small shops should disappear.
2) Every time she goes shopping she feels annoyed.
3) She dislikes the atmosphere in big shops.
A10 What does Susan think about the book Birdsong?
1) It gives a new perspective on war.
2) It shows how differently people view war.
3) It reveals hidden causes of war.
A11 Why did Susan read The Remains of the Day twice?
1) It was very popular at one time.
2) She enjoyed the film based on it.
3) She read it to kill time.
A12 Why does Susan enjoy reading books?
1) The reading habit runs in her family.
2) She has taken to reading on the way to and from work.
3) She was encouraged to read in her childhood.
A13 What is Susan's opinion of book reviews?
1) They give good recommendation on books to read.
2) They criticize books written by young authors.
3) They give misleading information about books.
A14 What is Susan's attitude to gossip books?
1) She doesn't think they are worth reading.
2) She laughs at people who enjoy reading them.
3) She thinks they are appealing to most people.
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего 1—6 и утверждениями, данными в списке А — G. Используйте каждую букву, обозначающую утверждение, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
A. The speaker liked the panorama in front of the hotel.
B. The speaker talks about having problems with police on arrival.
C. The speaker had a hard time finding his way to the hotel.
D. The speaker enjoyed his travel experience without paying much money.
E. The speaker gives advice on where to stay while travelling.
F. The speaker found the view out of his hotel room awful.
G. The speaker was surprised at some norms of cultural behaviour in the country he was visiting.
Начало формы
| Говорящий | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Утверждение |
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Конец формы
РАЗДЕЛ 2
«ЧТЕНИЕ»
Характеристика заданий раздела «Чтение»
| Задание | Кол-во вопросов | Проверяемые умения | Тип текста | Тип задания |
| В2
Базовый
Уровень | 7 | Умение понять основное содержание текста | Краткие тексты информационного и научно-популярного характера | Задание на установление соответствий |
| В3
Повышенный
Уровень | 6 | Умение понять структурно-смысловые связи текста | Публицистические и научно-популярные статьи | Задание на установление соответствия |
| А15-А21
Высокий
Уровень | 7 | Умение понять текст полно и точно: верно понимать слова и выражения, употребленные в прямом и переносном смысле; видеть логические связи в предложении и между частями текста; использовать языковую догадку; делать выводы из прочитанного | Художественный или публицистический (например, эссе) текст | Задание с множественным выбором ответа |
Как видно из таблиц, проверяемые умения по чтению делятся на три блока:
умение понять основное содержание аутентичного текста описательного характера;
умение выделить структурно-смысловые связи в тексте;
умение полностью понять содержание текста.
Если ты не знаком с темой, о которой говорится в тексте, не впадай в панику. Для того, чтобы найти ответы в тексте, не нужно иметь специальных знаний;
Если тебе даны задания, в которых вместо пробелов нужно вставить фразы, прочитай предложение до пропусков и после. Постарайся догадаться, что именно пропущено. Включи свое логическое мышление!
Не трать много времени на один какой-нибудь вопрос. Ты всегда сможешь вернуться к нему потом;
Сначала нужно прочитать весь текст, чтобы понять его смысл, т.к. как в чтении, как и в аудировании, могут быть использованы хитрые приемы;
Если ты не знаешь ответа на вопрос, попробуй угадать его. Опять же, включи логическое мышление!
Готовясь к ЕГЭ, читай как можно больше текстов разных жанров и обогащай свою лексику. Об этом говорилось в разделе «аудирование».
Варианты заданий
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Установите соответствие между заголовками A-H и текстами 1-7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу (вставив буквы A-H). Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. TOURING THE COUNTRY
B. NEW MANAGEMENT
C. SATISFYING DIFFERENT TASTES
D. PLEASURE OF THE HOLIDAY
E. BEGINNING OF THE CAREER
F. GREAT CHANGES
G. LOSS OF INTEREST
H. FINANCIAL POLICY
1. Tourists from all over the world will enjoy their time in London if they plan a visit to one of the capital's famous musicals or plays as an inbuilt part of their holiday in England. The London stage scene has been a big success story for over a hundred years and visitors will appreciate the programme in London theatres, which has not changed for years.
2. Robert Sims is the brilliant new author of the comedy play about student life in Scotland at the Round House Theatre in Glasgow. Robert, who is only twenty four, started to write the play immediately after leaving university. He told our reporter that he couldn't write the play while he was at university, because many of the characters in it were his fellow students or university lecturers. The play is also partly a musical with some very funny songs.
3. The new programme of plays at the Eastboume Winter Garden Theatre contains a very varied and interesting variety of productions. The summer holiday programme starts with a French comedy, continues with the play "The Three Sisters" by Chekhov and ends with the "Rocky Horror Movie Show". I wonder how the conservative Eastboume audiences will cope with this surprising mix.
4. The new winter season at the Hippodrome Theatre is a big break with tradition. There are no musicals, no comedies and no Agatha Chistie thrillers. The new management is staging three Shakespeare plays and two plays by the German playwright Bertolt Brecht, in addition to a very modern pantomime, which doesn't have either a Prince Charming or two ugly sisters. We wish the Hippodrome every success in its efforts to bring culture to the masses.
5. Our winter programme of plays and musicals starts on the first of December. We offer special rates to all students and senior citizens and there are also very good reductions for all theatregoers, who join our theatre club and buy tickets for three or more performances in advance. Theatre programmes with details of each performance and the actors are also free for all members of the theatre club, which is another big saving. Support your local theatre again this season.
6. The long running soap opera "Green Wellies", set in the rural south east of England is scheduled to end in August. The directors of Channel 4 point to decreased enthusiasm for the programme over the last year as the major cause for this decision. Many viewers have complained about the weak story lines and the poor acting of some of the main characters. Also a lot of young people are not interested anymore in hearing about agricultural topics.
7. The new boys' pop group "No Chance" is scheduled to perform at the Liberty Theatre in Clacton. This is part of their journey of England from Bognor in the south to Grimsby in the north. The boys are in big demand after the successful launch of their new CD "Mind over Matter" and it is anticipated that the Clacton venue will be a complete sell out. Buy your tickets now to be sure of a seat.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями A-G (вставив буквы A-H). Одна из частей в списке A-G - лишняя.
A substance produced by disease-transmitting insects could 1 . Mosquitoes and black flies transmit malaria and river blindness respectively, both of` which 2 . However, scientists have discovered, in some of these insects, a substance called a peptide which can 3 .
Recently introduced techniques have allowed researchers to study these minute insects in order to 4 . Professor John Wells said that his team had discovered that the peptides 5 . He pointed out that if they could identify the genes responsible for producing the substance, they could introduce into the world genetically altered mosquitoes which 6 .
In the wake of these exciting developments, it is hoped that science will be able to eradicate some major tropical diseases sooner rather than later.
A. were incapable of` spreading the disease.
B. kill the viruses and parasites they carry.
C. provide the key to fighting these same diseases.
D. cause a large number of deaths every year.
E. find out more about the peptides.
F. were active against parasites.
G. were able to spread the disease.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания A15-A21, вставив цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
I think I'm a good librarian. I love books, and the people who read them, and if that makes me intolerant of the video and computer age, it doesn't matter much in here. Paul was embarrassed by my job. It didn't fit in with his creative Director image at dinner parties. He'd rather I had either stayed at home, and then he could continue to make jokes about me being the last housewife in captivity; or else that I had found some trendy, highly-paid job in the media. When I pointed out that I did work in the media, it just wasn't very highly paid, he would look pained.
I've always been addicted to the printed word. A former headmistress once said, "If Constance had nothing else to read, she'd read the label on a jam jar!"
She meant to be scathing, and the other girls tittered sycophantically, but I thought she was being silly. You could learn a lot from the labels on jam jars... and besides, the other girls would only gaze into space and moon. Was that supposed to be better?
So my first thought, when Kate started school and I decided I could now take a job with a clear conscience, was something to involve me with books. I would have been quite happy in a bookshop, but the humiliation of having his wife working as a shop assistant was more than Paul could contemplate. I tried to argue that all advertising is only selling. I'd heard him propound the argument often enough at dinner parties, when smart women fresh out of university and burning to write had asked him if it wasn't an awful come down, when you'd got a First in English, to wind up working in advertising? The moment he heard that contemptuous stress on the first syllable, advertising, adman, Paul would assume his patient, sophisticated smile and take them through his catechism about selling. But evidently the same didn't apply to me and bookshops.
"Not even Hatchards?" I'd said. "Then I'd be near your office and we could meet for lunch sometimes. That would be nice..."
"My dear girl, you wouldn't stand a chance of getting a job in Hatchards!" Paul had answered.
So I did get a year's course in librarianship, and started work within a month of completing it. There aren't that many librarians with a First from Oxford, and although I didn't tell my colleagues, it showed up on my CV and must have impressed the selection committee. They probably thought I wouldn't stay, but I have spent nearly nine years now in the same public library. It helped to tide me over the utter disorientation I felt when Paul left me, and my raging sense of pain and injustice over the divorce. My incredulity at the distortion of our marriage as expressed in solicitors' letters, and later my fury over the court proceedings, were tamed and made bearable by the sweet unvarying routine of the Dewey classifying system and the old ladies, the truanting children and the coffee breaks.
A15 Paul disapproved of his wife's job because it
1) deprived him of a chance to show off.
2) had nothing to do with computers.
3) made her look like a housewife.
4) was not acceptable in their circles.
A16 According to the text, the narrator was critical of her school environment as
1) the headmistress had disapproved of her love for books.
2) the headmistress had teased her for her obsession.
3) the other girls had never shared her love for reading.
4) it had never been a source of excitement for her.
A17 The narrator decided to take a job in a bookshop because
1) it could offer her vast career opportunities.
2) she knew it would bring her a lot of money.
3) her daughter had grown up and did without her help.
4) it was a great place to meet people who read books.
A18 According to the text, the narrator thought "advertising" to be NOT
1) effective.
2) profitable.
3) successful.
4) creative.
A19 In order to start the work in a library the narrator needed
1) a First from Oxford.
2) a year of job experience.
3) professional qualifications.
4) a reference enclosed in CV.
A20 The narrator felt completely confused because of
1) splitting up with her husband.
2) financial difficulties.
3) injustice on the part of old ladies.
4) the disappointment with her job.
A21 The narrator survived the trauma because
1) she and her husband remained friends.
2) she found satisfaction in her job.
3) the court proceedings were just.
4) her own children supported her.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст. Установите соответствие между заголовками A-H и текстами 1-7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу (вставив буквы A-H). Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. PARTY DESSERT
B. OUTDOOR GAME
C. TAKING CARE OF A PET
D. COLLECTING THINGS
E. GIVING A PARTY
F. PARTY ANIMALS
G. FUN ON THE WAY
H. PARTY GAME
1. Ask your parents for permission to have a party. Decide what kind of party you want and whether it will be held indoors or outdoors. Send written invitations to your friends. Tell them what kind of party you are having, at what time, where, and whether or not the guests should wear costumes. Make a list of games you would like to play. Ask your mother to help you prepare refreshments. Ice cream, cake, cookies, and lemonade good for any party.
2. This activity makes everybody laugh. Have the guests sit around the room. Choose one person to be a pussycat. The pussy must go over to a guest and do his/her best to make the guest laugh. He/she can make funny meows and walk around like a cat. The pussy goes from one guest to another until someone laughs. The first one to laugh becomes the new pussy.
3. It’s easy to make a cake from a cake mix that you get from the grocery store. You usually add only water or milk. Cake mixes come in many flavours, such as chocolate, lemon, banana, vanilla and others. When you make a cake from a mix, always follow the directions on the package carefully. Then you can be sure that your cake will turn out right and your guests will enjoy it. Many mixes have a small envelope of powdered frosting hidden inside the flour.
4. As you ride on a bus with your friends, get someone to start singing. Everyone joins in. At the first crossroad, another person starts a different song, and everyone joins in. Keep changing songs at every crossroad.
5. Looking after cats is easy. They wash themselves every day and eat almost any food. Cats like to drink milk and cream. But they need to be fed fish, beef, liver, and other kinds of meat. They need a clean, dry bed at night. You can use a basket or a cardboard box for your cat’s bed. Cats like to play with a rubber ball or chase a string.
6. You can have a whole army of toy soldiers made of tin, wood or plastic. Some may be dressed in fancy uniforms, some may be sitting on horses. Others may be ready for battle, carrying guns and shoulder packs. You can have soldiers from other countries, or only Civil War soldiers or only modem soldiers. If you get two soldiers that are alike, trade your extra soldier with another toy soldier lover.
7. Even animals get involved in elections. The donkey and elephant have been political symbols in the USA for more than 100 years. Why? In 1828, Democrat Andrew Jackson ran for president. Critics said he was stubborn as a donkey. The donkey has been the symbol of the Democratic Party ever since. In the 1870s, newspaper cartoonists began using the elephant to stand for the Republican Party.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями A-G (вставив буквы A-H). Одна из частей в списке A-G - лишняя.
Before the Hubble Space Telescope was launched, scientists thought they knew the universe. They were wrong.
The Hubble Space Telescope has changed many scientists’ view of the universe. The telescope is named for American astronomer Edwin Hubble, 1 . He established that many galaxies exist and developed the first system for their classifications.
In many ways, Hubble is like any other telescope. It simply gathers light. It is roughly the size of a large school bus. What makes Hubble special is not what it is, 2 .
Hubble was launched in 1990 from the "Discovery" space shuttle and it is about 350 miles above our planet, 3 . It is far from the glare of city lights, it doesn’t have to look through the air, 4 . And what a view it is! Hubble is so powerful it could spot a fly on the moon.
Yet in an average orbit, it uses the same amount of energy as 28 100-watt light bulbs. Hubble pictures require no film. The telescope takes digital images 5 . Hubble has snapped photos of storms on Saturn and exploding stars. Hubble doesn’t just focus on our solar system. It also peers into our galaxy and beyond. Many Hubble photos show the stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy. A galaxy is a city of stars.
Hubble cannot take pictures of the sun or other very bright objects, because doing so could "fry” the telescope’s instruments, but it can detect infrared and ultra violet light 6 . Some of the sights of our solar system that Hubble has glimpsed may even change the number of planets in it.
A. which is above Earth’s atmosphere.
B. which are transmitted to scientists on Earth.
C. which is invisible to the human eye.
D. who calculated the speed at which galaxies move
E. so it has a clear view of space.
F. because many stars are in clouds of gas.
G. but where it is.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания A15-A21, вставив цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Whilst travelling in 2001, I had my first but definitely not last, go at snowboarding. Rhona and I went to the Cardona ski resort, a couple of hours from Queenstown in New Zealand. We had been staying in Queenstown for a couple of weeks and had tried a couple of the local ski resorts. They had been so popular, that there was almost no room to play. The problem for me with this was that with so many people moving around me, my eyes were constantly re-focusing. This meant that I couldn’t see a thing! As I had never snowboarded before, we decided that it was going to be a problem. A guy at one of the local ski rental shops recommended that we should try Cardona.
On arrival I went straight to the Ski Patrol and explained my situation. They suggested that I should wear a vest, that they supplied, with the words "BLIND SKIER" on the front and back on top of my jacket. They told me that this was more for the benefit of the other skiers around me. I must admit, I wasn’t very keen to do this, but thought I would give it a try.
Once onto the slopes, I put my vest on and began to practise my limited skills. Because I had done some other board sports, i. e. skateboarding, surfing, etc., it wasn’t too hard to learn the basics. Once I was comfortable with this, I headed off for the ski lift and the big slopes. As I stood in the queue I could hear people talking about that "poor blind guy". This niggled me a bit, but I decided to try to ignore it. At the top of the lift I stepped off and strapped my feet onto the board.
As we headed off I could hear more people talking about the vest. I was starting to get paranoid. Then as I gathered speed and Rhona would shout directions, I realized that the people who saw the vest were getting out of my way. Fantastic! This was better than a white stick in a crowd. We picked up speed turning left, then right, hitting a few bumps, but mainly going really well. I even managed to control the snowboard. Well, sort of control it. Before I knew it, we had zipped down a long straight slope and had come to the end of the run. The adrenaline was buzzing and I was “high as a kite". What a feeling! I got back on the ski lift and headed back up. This time I was going to do the run solo!
I had memorized the slope from my first run and felt very confident. As I came off the lift, I rushed to get started. Again, I could hear people talking about me, but now it didn’t matter. The vest was a definite benefit for the novice snowboarder! I took the first stage at a steady pace, looking for my first left bend. No problems there. I found that easy enough. I was now looking for my fast approaching right bend. I missed this one completely and ended up in the safety netting at the edge of the run.
At this point, I decided I was not the world’s best snowboarder and would have to take things a little slower. As the day progressed, so did my skills. I had a great time. Even taking "air" on quite a few occasions. However, this was now deliberate! I was not very wary about that bend I had missed, so I started to take it a bit early. Unfortunately, this meant that I would leap about 2 metres into the air. And what was more surprising than being airborne, was the fact that on half a dozen occasions (out of about 30), I landed on my feet and carried on downhill. The rest of the time I fell on my bottom. I heard some people comment on how brave “that blind guy" was. Little did they know it was lack of skill rather than bravery.
We boarded at Cardona for two days and had fantastic time. Because it is a bit of a drive away from most of the tourist places, it is not as busy as the other ski resorts. It is mostly visited by the locals and I think that says something. If you get the chance, I would definitely recommend Cardona. I would also like to thank the Ski Patrol for that great suggestion. Without the vest, I am sure there could have been some crashes, caused by me. But with the vest, everyone just got out of the way. However, I think that if it was to get a vest for myself, it would probably read "BLIND &DAFT".
A15 The narrator and his companion decided to choose the Cardona ski resort because
1) it was a short distance from Queenstown.
2) they couldn’t find a room at other resorts.
3) somebody said that it was worth going to.
4) it was popular with snowboarders.
A16 The Ski Patrol suggested that the narrator should wear a vest in order to
1) make it easier for them to locate the narrator in case of an accident.
2) make the narrator feel more confident during his first go at snowboarding.
3) keep an eye on him on the slope.
4) prevent other people from colliding with him on the slopes.
A17 When the narrator was standing in the queue he
1) felt annoyed by people’s comments.
2) felt comfortable in his vest.
3) tried to focus his eyes on the track.
4) tried to ignore his fear.
A18 "This" in "This was better than a white stick in the crowd" refers to
1) the fact that people were getting out of the narrator’s way.
2) the narrator’s moving at a high speed down the slope.
3) the fact that Rhona was giving the narrator directions.
4) the narrator’s hearing more people talking about the vest.
A19 The narrator did the second run solo and he
1) tried to memorize all the bends.
2) failed to go round one of the bends.
3) tried not to listen to Rhona’s directions.
4) fell down and was injured.
A20 The narrator believes that his successful leaps into the air and landing on his feet were due to
1) his personal courage.
2) people’s encouragement.
3) his intensive practising.
4) pure chance.
A21 The narrator recommends Cardona ski resort because
1) of the Ski Patrol efficient service.
2) skiers are supplied with vests there.
3) it is less crowded than other places.
4) there are few crashes on the slopes.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Установите соответствие между заголовками А - Н и текстами 1 - 7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. TOURING THE COUNTRY
B. NEW MANAGEMENT
C. SATISFYING DIFFERENT TASTES
D. PLEASURE OF THE HOLIDAY
E. BEGINNING OF THE CAREER
F. GREAT CHANGES
G. LOSS OF INTEREST
H. FINANCIAL POLICY
1. Tourists from all over the world will enjoy their time in London if they plan a visit to one of the capital's famous musicals or plays as an inbuilt part of their holiday in England. The London stage scene has been a big success story for over a hundred years and visitors will appreciate the programme in London theatres which has not changed for years.
2. Robert Sims is the brilliant new author of the comedy play about student life in Scotland at the Round House Theatre in Glasgow. Robert, who is only twenty four, started to write the play immediately after leaving university. He told our reporter that he couldn't write the play while he was at university, because many of the characters in it were his fellow students or university lecturers. The play is also partly a musical with some very funny songs.
3. The new programme of plays at the Eastbourne Winter Garden Theatre contains a very varied and interesting variety of productions. The summer holiday programme starts with a French comedy, continues with the play "The Three Sisters" by Chekhov and ends with the "Rocky Horror Movie Show". I wonder how the conservative Eastbourne audiences will cope with this surprising mix.
4. The new winter season at the Hippodrome Theatre is a big break with tradition. There are no musicals, no comedies and no Agatha Chistie thrillers. The new management is staging three Shakespeare plays and two plays by the German playwright Bertolt Brecht, in addition to a very modern pantomime which doesn't have either a Prince Charming or two ugly sisters. We wish the Hippodrome every success in its efforts to bring culture to the masses.
5. Our winter programme of plays and musicals starts on the first of December. We offer special rates to all students and senior citizens and there are also very good reductions for all theatre goers, who join our theatre club and buy tickets for three or more performances in advance. Theatre programmes with details of each performance and the actors are also free for all members of the theatre club, which is another big saving. Support your local theatre again this season.
6. The long running soap opera "Green Wellies", set in the rural south east of England is scheduled to end in August. The directors of Channel 4 point to decreased enthusiasm for the programme over the last year as the major cause for this decision. Many viewers have complained about the weak story lines and the poor acting of some of the main characters. Also a lot of young people are not interested anymore in hearing about agricultural topics.
7. The new boys' pop group "No Chance" is scheduled to perform at the Liberty Theatre in Clacton. This is part of their journey of England from Bognor in the south to Grimsby in the north. The boys are in big demand after the successful launch of their new CD "Mind over Matter" and it is anticipated that the Clacton venue will be a complete sell out. Buy your tickets now to be sure of a seat.
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15 - А21, обводя цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.
I think I'm a good librarian. I love books, and the people who read them, and if that makes me intolerant of the video and computer age, it doesn't matter much in here. Paul was embarrassed by my job. It didn't fit in with his creative Director image at dinner parties. He'd rather I had either stayed at home, and then he could continue to make jokes about me being the last housewife in captivity; or else that I had found some trendy, highly-paid job in the media. When I pointed out that I did work in the media, it just wasn't very highly paid, he would look pained.
I've always been addicted to the printed word. A former headmistress once said, "If Constance had nothing else to read, she'd read the label on a jam jar!"
She meant to be scathing, and the other girls tittered sycophantically, but I thought she was being silly. You could learn a lot from the labels on jam jars... and besides, the other girls would only gaze into space and moon. Was that supposed to be better?
So my first thought, when Kate started school and I decided I could now take a job with a clear conscience, was something to involve me with books. I would have been quite happy in a bookshop, but the humiliation of having his wife working as a shop assistant was more than Paul could contemplate. I tried to argue that all advertising is only selling. I'd heard him propound the argument often enough at dinner parties, when smart women fresh out of university and burning to write had asked him if it wasn't an awful come down, when you'd got a First in English, to wind up working in advertising? The moment he heard that contemptuous stress on the first syllable, advertising, aa'man, Paul would assume his patient, sophisticated smile and take them through his catechism about selling. But evidently the same didn't apply to me and bookshops.
"Not even Hatchards?" I'd said. "Then I'd be near your office and we could meet for lunch sometimes. That would be nice..."
"My dear girl, you wouldn't stand a chance of getting a job in Hatchards!" Paul had answered.
So I did get a year's course in librarianship, and started work within a month of completing it. There aren't that many librarians with a First from Oxford, and although I didn't tell my colleagues, it showed up on my CV and must have impressed the selection committee. They probably thought I wouldn't stay, but I have spent nearly nine years now in the same public library. It helped to tide me over the utter disorientation I felt when Paul left me, and my raging sense of pain and injustice over the divorce. My incredulity at the distortion of our marriage as expressed in solicitors' letters, and later my fury over the court proceedings, were tamed and made bearable by the sweet unvarying routine of the Dewey classifying system and the old ladies, the truanting children and the coffee breaks.
A15 Paul disapproved of his wife's job because it
1) deprived him of a chance to show off.
2) had nothing to do with computers.
3) made her look like a housewife.
4) was not acceptable in their circles.
A16 According to the text, the narrator was critical of her school environment as
1) the headmistress had disapproved of her love for books.
2) the headmistress had teased her for her obsession.
3) the other girls had never shared her love for reading.
4) it had never been a source of excitement for her.
A17 The narrator decided to take a job in a bookshop because
1) it could offer her vast career opportunities.
2) she knew it would bring her a lot of money.
3) her daughter had grown up and did without her help.
4) it was a great place to meet people who read books.
A18 According to the text, the narrator thought "advertising" to be NOT
1) effective.
2) profitable.
3) successful.
4) creative.
A19 In order to start the work in a library the narrator needed
1) a First from Oxford.
2) a year of job experience.
3) professional qualifications.
4) a reference enclosed in CV.
A20 The narrator felt completely confused because of
1) splitting up with her husband.
2) financial difficulties.
3) injustice on the part of old ladies.
4) the disappointment with her job.
A21 The narrator survived the trauma because
1) she and her husband remained friends.
2) she found satisfaction in her job.
3) the court proceedings were just.
4) her own children supported her.Конец формы
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Установите соответствие заголовков А — Н текстам 1— 7. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую букву только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
A. MUSICAL PERFORMANCE
B. ATTRACTIVE LANDSCAPE
C. PERFECT HOLIDAYS
D. PORTRAIT OF A GIRL
E. FILM FOR ALL AGES
F. EXCITING HOBBY
G. COLOURFUL FESTIVAL
H. INTERESTING BOOK
1. This is a full-length (ninety minutes) cartoon, which is entertaining for both adults and children over six. The animation and colour are of very high quality and the story has lots of fun and excitement. The plot is quick moving and full of surprises. There's romance, action, comedy, music and lots of fantastic songs and dances.
2. This is a full-blooded magnificently written portrait of history's most fascinating woman. Readers will lose themselves for hours in this richly entertaining novel full of dramatic twists and turns. From the spectacular era that bears her name comes the spellbinding story of Elizabeth I — her tragic childhood, her confrontation with Mary, Queen of Scots and her brilliant reign.
3. The young woman is shown in a "shepherdess" hat and white dress, recalling a classical chiton. The background landscape, common in such paintings, seems to indicate the heroine's closeness to nature, to the ordinary joys of life. The painter's colour range — at times as translucent as porcelain, at others muted like mother-of-pearl — is based upon subtle plays of gray and green, light blue and pink.
4. In this picture one is struck by the artist's absolute mastery in portraying natural details, whether the dry, sandy soil of the forest, the clear stream of water in the foreground, the yellow bark and fluffy needles of the pines, or the sense of a bright, clear, calm summer day. The artist managed to create an image familiar to anyone who has seen a Russian forest.
5. Have a good time on the most lively and exciting island in the Caribbean. Relax under a palm tree on the white sandy beaches. Swim in the clear, blue sea. Listen to the bands playing Calypso music. Or get really adventurous and go scuba diving for sunken treasure on the sea bed. Join in the many cultural celebrations we offer, for example the sugar harvest festival.
6. This event is considered the greatest attraction for visitors to the Isle of Man. No definite date can be given, but it is normally held between 5th and 15th July. The Pageant begins at about 8 p.m. First we are given a glimpse of village life in Celtic times. Then suddenly Viking long ships appear and then there are scenes of war. Then Celts and Vikings unite, and the Manx nation is born. The actual Pageant is followed by a grand torchlight procession and firework display.
7. Do you like Latin American dancing? Do you want to dance like you see in the films and on the stage? Do you want to feel the rhythm of the music in your body and in your soul? Do you want to meet other people who have a love for the same music as you? If you have answered "Yes" to any of these questions, join our Latin dance classes on Thursday night between seven and ten. All are welcome.
Начало формы
Раздел 2 . Чтение
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 1-6 частями предложений А-G. Одна из частей в списке А-G лишняя. Перенесите ответы в таблицу.
The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively 1) _______ .
The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics 2) _______ .
Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means 3) _______ . The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. "Zero" sound is the faintest sound 4) _______ . The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard "zero" sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also 5) _______ . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.
The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, 6) _______ .
A. and finally measure them.
B. since it was heard 3,000 miles away.
C. and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.
D. that loud sound is of high intensity.
E. as they study mechanical forces.
F. as a painful sensation in the ear.
G. that the unaided human ear can detect.
Конец формы
РАЗДЕЛ 3
«ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА»
Характеристика заданий раздела «Грамматика и лексика»
| Задание | Кол-во вопросов | Проверяемые умения | Тип/жанр текста | Тип задания |
| B4-B10
Базовый уровень | 7 | Владение видовременными формами глагола, личными и неличными формами глаголов; формами местоимений; формами степеней сравнения прилагательных и т.д. | Связный отрывок из повествовательного текста | Задание с кратким ответом |
| B11-B16
Базовый уровень | 6 | Владение способами словообразования | Связный отрывок из повествовательного текста | Задание с кратким ответом |
| A22-A28
Повышенный уровень | 7 | Употребление лексических единиц с учетом сочетаемости слов в соответствии с коммуникативным намерением | Связный отрывок из художественного или публицистического текста | Задание с множественным выбором |
Задания В4–В10 базового уровня предполагают заполнение пропусков в предложениях грамматическими формами, образованными от приведенных слов. Задания В11–В16 базового уровня предполагают заполнение пропусков в предложениях однокоренными (родственными) словами, образованными от приведенных слов. Задание повышенного уровня предполагает выбор правильного ответа из 4-х предложенных вариантов
Регулярно повторяй и выполняй упражнения на все времена активного и пассивного залогов, наклонения, модальные глаголы и т.д.;
Если ты не знаешь правильный ответ и не можешь его получить — выбери любой, который тебе подсказывает интуиция;
Пиши слова правильно, особенно в задании на словообразование.
Варианты заданий
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B4-B10 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4-B10.
The Rock Wall.
B4 In the morning the colonists took food and weapons and started along the beach toward the south. It was not necessary for one of them to stay behind. Since the arrival of the big box the day before they 
no difficulty in lighting a fire. HAVE
B5 Not very far from the rock house there were some forest trees, and then a high wall of rock straight up to a height of about fifty metres. On the other side of it there was a big lake. "Let's go and see where the water goes out of the lake," said Jack. RISE
B6 They went round the end of the rock wall. It was a very difficult journey, but at last they came to the side of the lake. The boys tried fish in the lake, but there seemed to be very few. CATCH
B7 Jack the way. LEAD
B8 They heard the noise of water. FALL
B9 It grew . Suddenly they came to an opening in the trees.
In front of them was a river flowing out of the lake almost to the rock wall. LOUD
B10 A big hole in the wall, about ten metres above the place where they were standing. MAKE
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B11-B16 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B11-B16.
A New Park.
B11 The entrance to the Rother Valley Country Park is on the right after you leave the tiny village of Wales. SHORT
B12 For the local people this new park is a area of open space,
where a lot of leisure activities are provided, including canoeing, rowing, sailing, sail boarding, grass-skiing and riding. SUCCESS
B13 For the motorized passer-by there are walks and picnic . POSSIBLE
B14 This area is becoming popular. There is also a visitor centre at Bed Greave Mill, where there is working machinery and a cafe. But don't expect too much in the way of good scenery. EXTREME
B15 The area was for long a mess of old coal mines and an railway line. More recently an ambitious and continuing special programme has converted the former mines to lakes. USED
B16 The displays in the visitor centre explain how grass and wetland for wildlife are being established. ATTRACT
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными А22-А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22-А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Вставьте номер 1-4 выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Worthless food.
An odd thing has happened when it comes to food. Even though having the best, freshest, most wholesome food possible is one of the most significant considerations of daily life frequently food does not receive the attention it A22 . Because of vested commercial interests, greed, convenience and apathy, misinformation about food has made far too many people feel A23 about it, believing that anything they can swallow is okay for them. It's not. You may be A24 to buy someone's product through advertising, false claims or promises of value. But much of the food is as worthless as eating crushed bricks. Far more ill health can be traced to what people eat than you might expect. The greatest A25 to your health on this planet is not the increase of nuclear weapons, it is processed foods!
There is more devitalized worthless "food" A26 to people today than real, authentic food that is necessary for our sustenance; and we have the food manufacturers to thank.
We use the term "processed food" so routinely that for many of us it has come to A27 "just another kind of food". Understand what it really means.
Processing is the practice of taking a perfectly good food, one that contains the nutrients necessary to prolong life, stripping it of anything of value and then offering it for sale. Understand that when the word "processed" is used, it A28 to procedures that undermine your health. It is a term that you can easily and accurately interchange with the word "destroyed".
A22 1) draws 2) devotes 3) attracts 4) deserves
A23 1) confident 2) aware 3) familiar 4) accustomed
A24 1) forced 2) convinced 3) required 4) obliged
A25 1) risk 2) warning 3) precaution 4) threat
A26 1) suggested 2) proposed 3) offered 4) meant
A27 1) represent 2) apply 3) refer 4) relate
A28 1) defines 2) refers 3) concerns 4) determines
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B4-B10 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B4-B10.
An Accident.
B4 That morning, the “Swinging Four" group had set out from Derby, full of hope for the evening. They were on their way to Sheffield where they hoped at a dance in the Three Kings Pub that night. PLAY
B5 The shopkeeper where they had bought their guitars and drums was getting very angry with them. Mick, the leader of the group, a letter last Monday from the shop. RECEIVE
They still had fifty pounds left to pay for their instruments. If they didn’t pay within two weeks, they would have to give the instruments back.
B6 Now they at the side of the road just STAND
B7 outside Sheffield unhappily at the steaming bonnet of the old car that had just exploded. LOOK
B8 Mick looked at the car again and turned to Peter who all about cars. KNOW
"Come on, Peter. What’s the matter with it?" Peter lifted the bonnet and examined the engine. "I’ve no idea," he said.
B9 "It only a month ago. I think it’s time we bought another car. REPAIR
B10 I’ll try and get a lift to the garage and ask them to come and look at the car. We must get to Sheffield in time." NEAR
They all looked at the road.
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами B11-B16 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы B11-B16.
The Oldest Road.
B11 The M1 road is the grandfather of the British motorway system. The southern section celebrated its silver jubilee in November 1984. Nowadays it is a mass of traffic with large numbers of trucks, and you need all your on the road. ATTENTIVE
B12 Not that this matters too much. This part follows a route north from the capital, and the sights here are not at all special. TRADITION
B13 Only when you reach Bedfordshire, and the pace relaxes slightly, it is worth considering turning off. From there on you can find a lot of things to do. VARY
B14 The countryside isn’t spectacular, but it is almost always lovely and typical ENJOY
B15 English shire country, with rolling hills, good walks and views, interesting churches and country houses. BEAUTY
B16 Further north, there is an interesting mixture of handsome market and industrial sites and country in the foothills of the Pennines. PLEASURE
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными А22-А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22-А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Вставьте номер 1-4 выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Searching for a New Programme.
A health lifestyle can vastly improve your well-being. This is a lifestyle designed for those who wish to feel more certain about their health and more in control of what the present and future will bring them in that important A22 of existence. None of us wants to be sick. None of us enjoys the idea that we may become a medical statistic. This is a simple, easy-to-follow health-style that can enable you to get cards very much in your A23 .
The doctors were fortunate enough to come into A24 with a new of study that brought them to healing and well-being that the so desperately needed. They personally have A25 thousands of people improve their health using only a small part of information. Much more people begin to improve their health now. Embracing the most current information from many health-related fields, the programme of health lifestyle gives you an understanding of the impact of exercise, breathing, sunshine, sleep and much more on your health.
In order for this programme to work for you, you have to be willing to apply at least some part of it. Some change will be A26 . And as you make those first modest changes, you will get positive results that encourage you to do more. Changing is fun. And if you realize that your new health lifestyle A27 the making of new habits, not the A28 of old ones, you will feel very positive about what the future holds for you.
A22 1) sector 2) region 3) area 4) territory
A23 1) benefit 2) advantage 3) privilege 4) favour
A24 1) touch 2) contact 3) view 4) connection
A25 1) confessed 2) witnessed 3) determined 4) recognized
A26 1) ordered 2) commanded 3) forced 4) required
A27 1) contains 2) consists 3) involves 4) encloses
A28 1) breaking 2) damaging 3) ruining 4) destroying
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 - А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22 - А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
Worthless Food
An odd thing has happened when it comes to food. Even though having the best, freshest, most wholesome food possible is one of the most significant considerations of daily life, frequently food does not receive the attention it A22 _______ . Because of vested commercial interests, greed, convenience and apathy, misinformation about food has made far too many people feel A23_______ about it, believing that anything they can swallow is okay for them. It's not.
You may be A24 _______ to buy someone's product through advertising, false claims or promises of value. But much of the food is as worthless as eating crushed bricks. Far more ill health can be traced to what people eat than you might expect. The greatest A25 _______ to your health on this planet is not the increase of nuclear weapons, it is processed foods!
There is more devitalized worthless "food" A26 _______ to people today than real, authentic food that is necessary for our sustenance; and we have the food manufacturers to thank.
We use the term "processed food" so routinely that for many of us it has come to A27 _______ "just another kind of food". Understand what it really means.
Processing is the practice of taking a perfectly good food, one that contains the nutrients necessary to prolong life, stripping it of anything of value and then offering it for sale. Understand that when the word "processed" is used, it A28 _______ to procedures that undermine your health. It is a term that you can easily and accurately interchange with the word "destroyed".
A22
1) draws 2) devotes 3) attracts 4) deserves
A23
1) confident 2) aware 3) familiar 4) accustomed
A24
1) forced 2) convinced 3) required 4) obliged
A25
1) risk 2) warning 3) precaution 4) threat
A26
1) suggested 2) proposed 3) offered 4) meant
A27
1) represent 2) apply 3) refer 4) relate
A28
1) defines 2) refers 3)concerns 4) determines
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4 - В10, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В4 - В10.Начало формы
Waking Up
Jerry hated the way his wife woke him up in the morning. It showed that she was angry with him and it B4 like that every day.
But it was really dangerous B5 an artist like that! It made him feel bad for hours — simply hours.
She came into the room in her working clothes, with a handkerchief over her head, just to show him that she B6 up much earlier and now B7 about the house.
She called in her low warning voice: "Jerry!" "What! What's the matter?" "It's time to get the up. It's half past eight." And then she left the room, B8 the door quietly behind her.
He supposed that she B9 very pleased with herself.
What was the matter with her? What did she want? He earned lots of money. She didn't have any money, but he never said that to her. His heart was heavy. She seemed to enjoy making life B10 for him than it was already. She made an artist's life impossible. She wanted to make him like herself.
B4. DO B5. WAKE B6. GET B7. WORK B8. CLOSE B9. FEEL B10. DIFFICULT
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11-В16, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В11-В16.
Self-care
We live in the era of B11 advances in "self-care".
What you need is new information. There is so much you can learn to have a B12 life. Then you can fulfill your needs in health easily and routinely as part of your normal way of life.
It is more and more obvious that B13 kinds of treatment and cures in the world cannot bring lasting health if you are not willing to live an existence without diseases.
Years of physical damage — smoking, drinking, overeating the wrong food, lack of rest or exercise — can only interfere with good health. Emotional instability is also incompatible with good health. And when the result is ill health, drugs are only B14 aids.
То repair the damage of disease, or more to the point, to prevent it, you must live more B15 .
It is possible that you know this already. But you must also know how to use that instinctive B16 .
В11. IMPORTANCE В12. HEALTH В13. VARY В14. ADDITION В15. HEALTHFUL В16. KNOW
Раздел 3 .
Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22 - А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22 - А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
То the North of London
The Aldenham Country Park is a large and pleasant area easily reached if you are travelling north out of London. It is worth visiting if you want a quick breath of fresh air and a reasonably attractive place for a brief picnic.
The most important point of the park is Aldenham Reservoir. It was built in 1796 to A22 _______ water level in the river A23_______ by the newly constructed Grand Union Canal, and more recently has been used as a reserve public water supply. Not far from there lies a busy town of Watford which can be recommended for a brief visit. And in any A24 _______ much more interesting stretches of the canal are met further north.
And if you make your way through the town you can visit the Watford Museum in the High Street which has materials on printing and paper-making on A25 _______ .
The picture gallery has changing exhibitions of works by artists who lived or painted in the area. Another attraction of the neighbourhood is a fascinating complex of Roman buildings, the A26 _______ of a great city, once the third largest centre of Roman Britain. The private houses were impressive, many of them furnished with mosaic floors. The beauty of the mosaics can hardly be described on paper, and it is best by standing and looking for A27 _______ a while.
The other principal Roman site to be visited is a long stretch of the city wall which A28 _______ back to the 3rd century.
A22
1) remain
2) support
3) hold
4) maintain
A23
1) confused
2) affected
3) bothered
4) disturbed
A24
1) condition
2) situation
3) circumstance
4) case
A25
1) presentation
2) display
3) demonstration
4) exhibition
A26
1) remains
2) wastes
3) wreckage
4) reminders
A27
1) praised
2) approved
3) appreciated
4) regarded
Конец формы
РАЗДЕЛ 4
«ПИСЬМО»
Строго соблюдай структуру личного письма и эссе;
Придерживайся темы;
Избегай использования такой же лексики, как в задании. Подбирай синонимы и соблюдай стиль письма;
Во время тренировок старайся уложиться во времени;
Не пиши лишнего. Строго соблюдай и подсчитывай количество слов;
Помни, что тебе нужно будет еще время, чтобы прочитать то, что ты написал и исправить ошибки.
Варианты заданий
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Colin who writes:
… We are doing a project on Christmas celebrations in different countries, so I'd like to ask you some questions about this holiday. Do you usually have a Christmas tree at home and how do you decorate it? What presents are the most popular with teenagers? Do children write letters to Santa Claus? Where are Christmas presents put?
By the way, I am going on a tour to Russia with our school orchestra during the summer holidays...
Write a letter to Colin.
In your letter:
- answer his questions
- ask 3 questions about his orchestra tour
Write 100 - 140 worlds.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 4. Письмо
Comment on the following statement.
Computers play an important role in our life. However, some people worry about their negative influence on the younger generation.
What can you say for and against using computers?
Write 200-250 words.
Use the following plan:
- make an introduction (state the problem)
- give arguments FOR
- give arguments AGAINST
- draw a conclusion
Раздел 4. Письмо
Give a talk on shopping.
Remember to say:
- if it is fun for you to go shopping, why/why not
- if you prefer shopping on your own or with someone else, why
- if you prefer shopping in small shops or big supermarkets and department stores, why
- if you plan what things to buy before going shopping or just buy the things you see and like while shopping, why
You will have to talk for 2-2.5 minutes. The examiner will listen until you have finished.
Then she/he will ask you some questions.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have received a letter from your English pen friend Dan who writes:
...I know that the climate is not the same in different parts of your big country.
As we have agreed I’ll be visiting you at the end of May. What is the weather like in May in the place you live? I’d like to know what clothes to bring with me.
By the way, what season do you like best and why ?...
Write a letter to Dan and answer his questions.
Write about 100-140 words.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 20 minutes to do the task.
You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend Colin who writes:
| ... We are doing a project on Christmas celebrations in different countries, so I'd like to ask you some questions about this holiday. Do you usually have a Christmas tree at home and how do you decorate it? What presents are the most popular with teenagers? Do children write letters to Santa Claus? Where are Christmas presents put?
By the way, I am going on a tour to Russia with our school orchestra during the summer holidays ... |
Write a letter to Colin. In your letter
• answer his questions
• ask 3 questions about his orchestra tour
Write 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.
Computers play an important role in our life. However, some people worry about their negative influence on the younger generation.
What can you say for and against using computers?
Write 200—250 words.
Use the following plan:
• make an introduction (state the problem)
• give arguments FOR
• give arguments AGAINST
• draw a conclusion
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 20 minutes to do the task.
You have received a letter from your English pen friend Dan who writes:
| ...I know that the climate is not the same in different parts of your big country. As we have agreed I'll be visiting you at the end of May. What is the weather like in May in the place you live? I'd like to know what clothes to bring with me. By the way, what season do you like best and why?... |
Write a letter to Dan and answer his questions.
Write about 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.
Many people enjoy soap operas because they find them enjoyable and realistic.
Do you share this opinion?
Write 200—250 words.
Use the following plan:
• make an introduction (state the problem)
• express your personal opinion and reasons for it
• give arguments for the other point of view and explain why you don't agree with it
• draw a conclusion
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 20 minutes to do the task.
You have received a letter from your English pen friend Jane who writes:
| ...So you see that I enjoy films based on true historic facts. What kinds of films do you like watching? Do you prefer watching fums in the cinema or at home ? Why ? Do you agree that it is better to read a book before watching the film based on it ? Why or why not?... |
Write a letter to Jane and answer her questions
Write about 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.
Nowadays fast food restaurants have become very popular. However, many people prefer cooking meals at home.
What can you say for and against cooking meals at home?
Write 200—250 words.
Use the following plan:
• give a general statement of the problem
• outline the points FOR
• outline the points AGAINST
• draw a conclusion weighing up the points outlined
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 20 minutes to do the task.
You have received a letter from your English pen friend Jane who writes:
| ...So you see that I enjoy films based on true historic facts. What kinds of films do you like watching? Do you prefer watching fums in the cinema or at home ? Why ? Do you agree that it is better to read a book before watching the film based on it ? Why or why not?... |
Write a letter to Jane and answer her questions
Write about 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Раздел 4. Письмо
You have 40 minutes to do this task. Comment on the following statement.
Nowadays fast food restaurants have become very popular. However, many people prefer cooking meals at home.
What can you say for and against cooking meals at home?
Write 200—250 words.
Use the following plan:
• give a general statement of the problem
• outline the points FOR
• outline the points AGAINST
• draw a conclusion weighing up the points outlined
Памятка
"Как готовиться к успешной сдаче ЕГЭ
по английскому языку"
Памятка "Как готовиться к успешной сдаче ЕГЭ
по английскому языку"
АУДИРОВАНИЕ
Раздел ЕГЭ “Аудирование” имеет задания типа:
установить соответствия между звучащими высказываниями и предъявленными в задании утверждениями;
установить правильность или неправильность высказывания и наличия информации в тексте, выбрать ответ из предложенных TRUE, FALSE, NOT STATED;
выбрать правильный ответ из трёх предложенных.
Задания сопровождаются чёткой предварительной коммуникативной установкой:
для понимания основного содержания (skim listening listening for gist)
для выборочного извлечения необходимой информации (for specific information)
для полного детального понимания (listening for detailed comprehension).
Умения в аудировании с разными целями требуют сформированности частных умений, являющихся компонентами комплексного речевого умения:
умение догадаться о значении слова по контексту или по аналогии с родным языком;
умение понимать информацию в перефразированном виде;
умение правильно понять текст, если не знаешь значения какого-то слова;
умение понять лексические и грамматические средства связи в тексте;
умение понять скрытую информацию;
умение догадаться о взаимоотношениях и социальных ролях собеседников, их отношении к данному вопросу, месте разговора и т.д.;
умение понимать невербальные способы передачи информации (интонацию, логическое ударение);
умение сделать выводы из текста, например, по ключевым словам;
умение выделить главную информацию.
Советы
1.Заранее ознакомьтесь со спецификой заполнения бланков ответов. Поработайте с бланками.
1.1. Внимательно и аккуратно записывайте свои ответы в разделе “Аудирование” в бланк ответов соответственно обозначающим их номерам и буквам.
1.2. Ответы на задания типа А расположены в верхней части бланка. Ответы на задания типа В пишите в особые поля в нижней части бланка.
1.3. Не зачёркивайте. Пользуйтесь полями в бланке для замены неправильных ответов правильными.
2. При подготовке к ЕГЭ используйте учебные пособия, в которых упражнения выстроены в продуманную логичную систему.
2.1. Используйте качественные аудиоматериалы, сопровождающиеся достаточным количеством упражнений для учебного аудирования.
2.2. Старайтесь понять речь на слух при её однократном предъявлении. Помните о временных рамках.
2.3. Используйте тексты различных типов и жанров, монологические и диалогические высказывания разных собеседников (мужчин, женщин, детей).
3. На экзамене:
3.1. Внимательно читайте формулировку задания (инструкцию) и тестовые вопросы.
3.2. Определитесь с технологией выполнения задания данного типа.
3.3. Прогнозируйте содержание текстов.
3.4. Обратите внимание на ключевые слова; помните о том, где в тексте обычно расположена важная информация.
3.5. Сконцентрируйтесь на том, что поняли, не паникуйте.
3.6. Соотносите с заданием не слова из текста, а их содержание.
3.7. Обратите внимание на повторяющиеся или выделяемые (лексическими способами, грамматически или интонационно) компоненты содержания.
3.8. Not stated обозначает отсутствие какой бы то ни было информации по данному вопросу в тексте.
3.9. Внимательно прочитывайте предлагаемые варианты ответов в совокупности с основой текстового вопроса.
4. Не зацикливайтесь на непонятом.
ЧТЕНИЕ
Коммуникативное чтение это ясное осознание цели предстоящей деятельности, т. е. Должна быть конкретная установка на степень полноты и точности получения информации. Коммуникативная задача обусловит характер чтения, а также стратегии и используемые приёмы работы с текстом. Принята следующая классификация видов чтения: skimming or reading for gist, scanning and reading for detailed comprehension, в отечественной методике чтение с пониманием основного содержания, чтение с извлечением необходимой информации, чтение с полным и точным пониманием текста.
Советы
1.1. Внимательно читайте инструкцию, предваряющую текст для чтения.
1.2. Ясно осознайте цель чтения. Выберите соответствующую стратегию.
1.3. Если предлагают понять основное содержание текста, то нужно:
выделить тему, основные мысли; выбрать значащие факты, отделить их от деталей; выделить смысловые вехи-опоры; обратить внимание на начало и конец текста, так как главная мысль текста чаще всего там; спрогнозируйте содержание текста по заголовку;
пропускайте малозначащие детали, читайте быстро; догадывайтесь о значении незнакомых слов в тексте.
1.4. Если предлагают вставить пропущенные предложения, то нужно:
выделить структурно-смысловые части текста; начать с прочтения всего текста, чтобы иметь представление об информации и логике развития текста; учитывать контекст до и после, смысловые и языковые согласования.
1.5. Для достижения полного и детального понимания текста нужно: осмыслить и сопоставить факты; догадаться, что подразумевает автор; сделать вывод на основе прочитанного; догадаться о значении незнакомых слов и словосочетаний в контексте;
внимательно отнестись к структурно-логическим связям в тексте.
ЛЕКСИКА И ГРАММАТИКА
Оценивается сформированность лексико-грамматических навыков на основе употребления лексических и грамматических единиц в коммуникативно-ориентированных контекстах.
В задании №1 проверяется умение использовать грамматические формы частей речи в соответствии с контекстом. Тип задания – краткий ответ. Необходимо заполнить пропуски в тексте формами слов, стоящих на полях. Для выполнения нужно: читать текст целиком, чтобы понять его тему и логику развития событий; второй раз внимательно читать по одному предложению, чтобы понять какое грамматическое значение слова требует текст; образовать форму и слова и вписать её в текст; прочитать весь текст ещё раз с целью проверки.
Задание №2 – такое же, как и первое, но проверяется умение использовать не формообразующие, а словообразующие аффиксы английского языка. Алгоритм выполнения тот же: читайте весь текст; читайте каждое предложение, чтобы понять по смыслу какая часть речи пропущена; используйте нужные аффиксы для образования нужной лексической единицы; прочитайте весь текст для проверки правильности; не забудьте перед экзаменом повторить аффиксы.
В задании №3 проверяются лексико-грамматические навыки. Тип задания – выбор ответа из четырёх предложенных: не забывайте о лексико-грамматической сочетаемости лексических единиц в контексте; учитывайте, с какими структурными языковыми единицами может сочетаться слово в контексте (предлогами, инфинитивом, герундием и т. д.) различайте нюансы близких по значению слов; старайтесь точнее понять смысл контекста для определения значения пропущенных слов; не забудьте перед экзаменом повторить фразовые глаголы. Обращайте внимание на послелоги.
ПИСЬМО
Раздел состоит из заданий двух типов: Написание письма личного характера.
Сочинение с элементами рассуждения. Здесь две разновидности:
Для выполнения задания учащимся надо: полностью решить поставленную коммуникативную задачу; владеть продуктивными лексическими и грамматическими навыками для решения этой задачи; использовать адекватный стиль речи; правильно употреблять формулы речевого этикета; использовать соответствующий норме формат текста; логично и связно построить высказывание; правильно использовать средства связи в предложениях, между предложениями и абзацами; правильно делить текст на абзацы; адекватно использовать типы текстов и языковые средства.
Памятка для написания письма. Памятка для написания сочинения.
Внимательно прочитайте задание и определите тип сочинения. For and against Opinion Composition. Определитесь с содержанием каждого абзаца. Соблюдайте пункты плана: вступление (постановка проблемы), аргументы “за”, аргументы “против”, заключение в “for” и “against” compositions; В “opinion” - вступление (постановка проблемы), личное мнение, поддержанное аргументами, аргументы для другой точки зрения, объяснение, почему ты не приемлешь их, заключение. НЕ путайте: это разные по типу сочинения.
Аргументация должна быть убедительной, чёткой ясно выраженной.
Необходимо выдержать объём высказывания.
Используйте спектр разных языковых средств.
Используйте адекватный задаче стиль речи.
Правильно употребляйте средства логической связи; В сочинении они необходимы.
Каждый новый абзац (новая мысль) начинайте с красной строки.
Пишите чётким и разборчивым почерком.
Логично постройте своё высказывание.
Памятка для написания письма личного характера
В правом верхнем углу напишите адрес автора письма, пропустите строчку. Подадресом напишите дату, пропустите строчку. Обращение в левом углу.
Не забудьте сделать ссылку на предыдущие контакты в начале письма.
Выберите правильную форму обращения (неофициальный стиль)
Завершающая фраза тоже должна быть в неофициальном стиле.
Подпись – только имя.
Не забудьте, что обращение, завершающая фраза, подпись стоят на отдельных строках.
Выдерживайте объём высказывания.
Соблюдайте логику написания и правильное деление на абзацы.
УСТНАЯ ЧАСТЬ
Монологическая речь.
Используйте время, данное на подготовку к ответу, на то, чтобы точно понять все детали задания. Не пишите в это время подробный ответ к одному из заданий.
Ответ должен быть максимально развёрнутым и полным. Старайтесь не пропускать детали. Поставленную коммуникативную задачу решайте полностью без помощи экзаменатора. Используйте как можно более широкий спектр владения лексическими и грамматическими навыками. Высказывание надо построить логично, связно, с использованием средств логической связи. Пользуйтесь адекватным стилем речи, употребляя формулы речевого этикета. Вам будет задан неизвестный вам вопрос. Оцениваться будет адекватность и аргументированность спонтанного ответа. Правильно реагируйте на реплики экзаменатора. Не подменяйте заданные аспекты выученной заранее темой. Равномерно распределяйте время на все высказывания. До экзамена приучите себя работать с магнитофоном. Не ограничивайтесь кратким высказыванием из одного предложения. Диалогическое высказывание. Очень внимательно читайте первые два-три предложения задания. В них конкретизируется ситуация общения. Помните, что после слов “Remember to” в задании определяется коммуникативная задача и особенности речевого поведения. Не пропускайте ни одного из предложенных вариантов. Будьте инициативным партнёром по общению. Начинайте беседу с краткого объяснения ситуации. Предлагайте варианты для обсуждения; не забывайте, что решение должно логично вытекать из сказанного ранее обоими партнёрами. Правильно реагируйте на реплики партнёра. Не забывайте о том, что нужно развёрнуто аргументировать свои предложения. Интересуйтесь мнением собеседника. Учитывайте его мнение при принятии окончательного решения. Выбирайте стиль речи, адекватный ситуации. (Разговорный, официальный, неофициальный). Используйте средства речевого этикета в соответствии с ситуацией. Соблюдайте очерёдность при обмене репликами; не навязывайте свою точку зрения. Используйте разнообразные речевые формулы.
Полезные ссылки
для тренировки...
Читайте!!!! Words in the News - короткие новостные сообщения, которые можно не только читать, но и слушать. В конце статьи сложные слова и словосочетания объясняются при помощи более простых и общеизвестных. Здесь можно найти как самые свежие новости, так и почитать архив новостей за последние 10 лет.
http://www.cnn.com/ - официальный сайт CNN
http://www.nytimes.com/ - официальный сайт газеты Нью-Йорк Таймс
http://www.washingtonpost.com/ - официальный сайт газеты Вашингтон Пост
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/ - официальный сайт газеты Таймс
http://www.guardian.co.uk/ - официальный сайт газеты Гардиан
Cлушайте!!!! Сегодня многие интернет-ресурсы позволяют слушать радио онлайн, а это замечательная возможность подготовиться к части «Аудирование». Ниже приведены ссылки наиболее интересных сайтов.
Radiotime - поисковый ресурс, позволяющий выбирать из более чем 100000 радиопередач.
National Public Radio - некоммерческое радио (новости, ток-шоу и развлекательные передачи) Рекомендуем передачи: Tell me more и Talk of the Nation.
BBC Radio 4 – большое количество ток-шоу разной тематики. Возможность повторного прослушивания программ из архива. Рекомендуем передачи: environmental programmes ; You and Yours; science programmes.
BBC Radio 5 live - новости и спортивные обзоры в режиме реального времени.
London's Biggest Conversation – большинство передач радиостанции LBC ток-шоу с участием радиослушателей, обсуждение последних событий и злободневных тем. Рекомендуемые передачи: Nick Ferrari Bitesize FREE
6-minute English - данный раздел сайта ВВС позволяет прослушать отрывок из новостей или радиопередачи, а потом прочитать текстовый вариант прослушанного с объяснениями сложных слов и выражений
Смотрите!!! TV
Цифровое телевидение стало доступным практически всем, так что совмещайте приятное с полезным и смотрите CNN, BBC, National Geographic или любой другой канал на английском языке, который вам нравится. К вашим услугам новости, телевикторины, ток-шоу, сериалы.… Не расстраивайтесь, если не всё на 100% вы будете понимать. Цель такого просмотра — адаптирование к особенностям английской речи, акцентам.
DVD Смотрите новинки кинопроката на английском языке с субтитрами или без. Начать лучше с мультфильмов и сказок (Шрек, Хроники Нарнии и т.д.)
Интернет !!! Documentaries- в данном разделе сайта ВВС можно просматривать 20-минутные документальные ролики, затрагивающие самые разные темы нашей жизни
Пишите!!!! Самый приятный способ подготовки к части «Письмо» - найти англоязычного друга по переписке. Легче все это сделать в таких социальных сетях, как Face book, Hifive, MySpace. Общайтесь на повседневные темы, обсуждайте культурные особенности вашей страны и страны вашего друга, делитесь впечатлениями о событиях в мире.
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Методические рекомендации по подготовке к ЕГЭ по английскому языку (2.88 MB)
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